Prolactin hormone originates exclusively from lactotrophs located in the anterior pituitary gland, where it undergoes synthesis and secretion. The secretion rate ranges from 200 to 536 µg per day, with a half-life between 25 and 50 minutes. Clearance of prolactin occurs primarily through the liver, accounting for approximately 75%, while the kidneys contribute to the remaining 25%. Basal prolactin levels average 13 ng/mL in women and 5 ng/mL in men. Most laboratories define the upper normal limit of serum prolactin as 15 to 20 ng/mL. Serum prolactin concentrations exceeding this threshold indicate hyperprolactinemia. The underlying causes of hyperprolactinemia may be physiological, pathological, or drug-induced. Affected individuals may remain asymptomatic or present with manifestations, eg, hypogonadism and galactorrhea, depending on the degree and duration of hormonal elevation.